Simple past tense

Simple past tense is text used to indicate an event or an activity that happen or to do in past event.

1. The times mentions clearly as ::
->yesterday
->a week ago
->last night
->2 days form yesterday
->a last week

2. The second verb is used in this tense.

3. Simple past tense is usually used in recount text,report text and narative text.

4. The formula are ::
* verbal past tense
FORMULA =) s+V2+O/C
=) S+did+not+V1+o/c
=) did+s+V1+o?

* nominal past tense ::
FORMULA =) S+tobe (was/were) + c

Example ::
VErbal tense ::
* they wrote a letter yesterday
* they did not write a letter yesterday
* did they write a letter yesterday?

*she sang a song last night
*she did not sing a song last night
*did she sing a song last night?

* i went go to school with him
* i did not go to school with him
* Did i go to school with him?

Nominal tense ::
*she was a nurse last year
*they were in the party last night
*the dog was mine
*i was student in SMADA
*we were friend's

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Sympathy Expreesion

Expressing sympathy is used to expression sympathy felling or care to someone who has problem or accident.

Kinds of expressing sympathy :
That’s awfull.
That’s a shame. Poor you.
That’s a pity. I express my deeps.
That’s a terrible.
That’s too bad.
That’s dread full.
What a shame.
What a pity.
How terrible!
How dread full!
I’m sorry to hear that.
I’m sorry to know that.
I’m sympathy with you.
I’m so sad to hear that.
I’m so sad to know that.
I can sympathy.
I know the felling.
I know what you feel.
Oh no………
Oh dear………!

Accepting sympathy :
Thank you.
Thanks.
Thank you very much.
Thank you so much.

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Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present: He has arrived. Now he is here. This holds true for events that have just been secluded as well as for events that have not yet occurred.
The pattern :
(+) S + has/have + V3 + O.
(-) S + has/have + not + V3 + O.
(?) Has/Have + S + V3 + O + ?
Present perfect is formed by combining have/has with the main verb’s past participle form:
— I have arrived.
A negation is produced by inserting not after have/has:
— I have not arrived.
Questions in present perfect are formulated by starting a sentence with have/has:
— Has she arrived?
Past Perfect Tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened
The pattern :
(+) Subject + had+verb III+cmplement
(-) Subject + had not+ver III+complement
(?) Had + subject +verb III+complement

Adverbs used :
from 1998 to 1999, once, twice, etc

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Procedure text

Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved throught a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different precces in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjuction such as first,second,, them, , next, finally, etc.

The generic structures of procedure text are :

1. Goal/aim (or title)
2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)

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Listening make me a copy please

Description:
Often time student are not able to communicating clearly what they would like to say.
It is purpose of this lesson to help student understand to need to be articulate and precise when explain steps to another student. In addition the student listening will learn to be a more affective listener.


Goal: Students will understand to need to be articulate when communicating
Objectives:
1. the student will use descriptive eplications to guide another student in completing the task.
2. The student will explain the importance of being articulate and the frustration when directions are unclear.


Background Information:
• This activity will teach student to explain what they see and guide another student in reproducing the drawing by what they are told
Concepts: Student will able to:
1. Explain and articulate the steps to reproducing a drawing
2. Follow directions as closely as possible
3. Communicate with follow students to accomplish the given task

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invitation

invitation is to invit someone or people to come to an event.

expression of inviting :
1. please come to my party
2. i want you yo join to ......
3. let's go to .....

accepting invitstion :
1. thanks, i will came
2. OK
3. Sure

rejecting invitation :
1. no, thank you
2. sorry, i can't come

EXAMPLES :
Ronal :Citra, do you have time tomorrow morning?
Citra: Yeah......I think so. Why?
Ronal : i will go to Museum with Dery and Agit. will you join us?

Citra : i'd love to.thanks.....

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appointments

Making appointments is a promise that is made by someone in his/ her life to someone or other people.

Appointment may refer to a number of things, including the following:
• An appointment is a time reserved for something such as a doctor visit, much like a reservation.
• An appointment, in government refers to the assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court. This may also happen for an office which is normally elected, but has an unexpected vacancy. A person appointed but not yet in office is a designee.
• The power of appointment, in law, is the ability of a testator to select another person to dispose of the testator's property.
• An appointment of clergy, in Christianity, is made by a bishop to a particular ministry setting, particularly in denominations which practice episcopal forms of church government and polity (such as Anglicanism and United Methodist Church.) Typically, a pastor is appointed to a particular church or parish.
• Appointment is used to describe a system of selecting candidates in which the choice is made by an individual or panel rather than by a poll of the populace in general (election), or through random selection (allotment/sortition) as used to select juries.

Making an appointment ( formal )

1. I’d like to make an appointment with ….
2. I’d like to make an appointment to see ….
3. I’d like you to come and see me ….
4. I want to make an appointment to see ….

Accepting an appointment

1. All right, see you there.
2. No problem, I’m free on.
3. Be there on time.
4. I’ll wait for your there.
5. It’s a deal.

Cancelling an appointment

1. I’m sorry, I’m very busy.
2. I’m terribly sorry I have to put off my appointment.
3. I’m affraid, I have to postpone my appointment with tomorrow morning.
Making an appointment is making a plan to do something with someone or people for now or future.

Making an appointment ( informal )

1. Can I come and see you ?
2. I’ll be there ….
3. What about …. ( Thursday ) ?

Changing an appointment

1. Could we change the day ( time) of the meeting ?
2. Would you mind if we change the day of the playing futsal?

Example :

endra : roky I have a serious problem. I need to talk to you. Could we meet today?

roky: what time ?
Endra : After we have a course.
Roky: Ok, I’ll be there.

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